Which file system is commonly used by Windows operating systems?

• A. FAT32
• B. EXT4
• C. NTFS
• D. HFS+

Answer: (C)

The file system commonly used by Windows operating systems is NTFS, which stands for New Technology File System. This file system was introduced with Windows NT and has been the primary file system for Windows since Windows XP, offering several advanced features compared to older systems like FAT32.

NTFS supports larger file sizes and volumes, which makes it suitable for modern computing needs. It provides security features such as file permissions and encryption, allowing users to restrict access to files and directories. Additionally, NTFS includes support for journaling, which helps protect the integrity of data by keeping a log of changes, making it easier to recover from errors and system crashes.

FAT32, while still in use and compatible with various operating systems, lacks many of the advanced features of NTFS, such as file size limits and security enhancements. EXT4 is primarily used by Linux systems, and HFS+ is associated with macOS, making them less applicable to Windows environments. Hence, NTFS is the most relevant and widely utilized file system for Windows operating systems.